5G communication revaluation
Mobile communication has nearly defined a new era and generation where mobility has occupied the center stage of the day to day conduct of modern day life. The freedom and the ability to move across the globe and stay connected, erasing the boundaries of geographies and topographies is the most vital and fundamental aspect propelling a revolution called the mobile revolution. Mobile phones and devices have gradually become a necessity in the modern day scenarios of telecommunications.
MOBILE DEVICES
Mobile devices range from mobile phones, tablets, laptops and anything that can provide a service basing upon a mobile wireless network that enables a variety of applications.
The proliferation of subscription services and development of wireless network communication helped develop SIM CARDS that are the back bone of modern day communication devices .SIM stands for Subscriber Identification Module and is a portable memory chip that enables one to make phone calls and make possible a host of other services worldwide subject to the availability of the service providers wireless network.
There are broadly two types of mobile services in the market one CDMA (code division on multiple access) and the Other is GSM (global system for communication)with the latter requiring a SIM card for functioning and service provisioning.
HOW CELL PHONES AND MOBILE DEVICES WORK.
A Mobile phone or any other similar device is a transceiver that transmits and receives voice or data without a wire connection applying wireless technologies. A Mobile phone specifically is a Combination of two technologies, Radio and the telephone. It converts voice into radio waves, voice or data sending and receiving them, , dividing one area in to cells, hence the term cell phone. Every cell has one base station having one transceiver (radio) and a tower. When one dials from a mobile phone it searches the directory in the base station and when the number not available in that directory it searches other base station until the mobile number matches, with all this in a matter of a few seconds. After the dialed number matches a connection is established and communication is possible
WIRELESS NETWORK (MOBILE PHONE) TECHNOLOGIES
Wireless and mobile networks have given rise to multiple services being provided by various network operators based on choices and value added benefits. All this has been possible owing to the large bandwidth and the flexibility they offer. Businesses and work in general are greatly dependent on mobile networks, with mobility dismissing the hassles of location in terms of providing connectivity. Work from anywhere and anytime is the present day norm. Businesses, e-commerce, telecommunications, and several other applications are possible only because of wireless network technologies.
MILESTONES OF INDIAN TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Calcutta to diamond harbor first electrical telegraph line was established in 1850
First Telephone line was start in 1851.
First International telephone line was London to Bombay established in 1870.
In 1881 Oriental telephone company permit to establish for telephone facilities in India .
First telephone exchange was in Calcutta in 1881 with 50 lines. After that it’s expanded to cities like Bombay, madras and Ahmadabad
In 1902 wireless telegraph introduced in India.
In 1913 Automatic telephone exchange was established in Simula
In 1953 telex system introduced
STD introduced in 1960.
In the year 1975 separate telecom from telegraph department.
1980 started satellite earth station .
1984 C-DOT facilities.
1985 onward mobile services started.
1986 MTNL mahanagar telecom Nigam limited and VSNL videshisacharnigam ltd started.
1994 mobile facilities available to common people.
2005 BSNL started broad band services.
difference between 1G, 2G, 2.5G, 3G, 4G, 5G technology
G stands for generation and the numerical corresponds to the successive technologies with varying band widths and features
5G FIFTH GENERATION NETWORKS
5G is the latest of all the preceding generation of wireless network technologies being developed and is much faster than 4G, enabling all the relevant devices perform more efficiently with greater flexibility boasting download speeds of 10,000 Mbps. 5G may possible to implement in 2020. Increasing the data speed 1000 times because of cloud computing organization software’s automatically updated. Increasing the battery life because of speed of internet. It saves lot of time and save the power consumption also. 4G technology we have to charge the battery 2 times per a day.
With a greater bandwidths has the capability to facilitate complex mobile internet apps functional and better in performance but also requires a new breed and generation of mobile devices making the older handsets or devices incompatible.
5G technology offers multi-gigabits per second, paving way for a host of innovative services and applications that necessitate high end connectivity envisaged by 5th generation wireless technologies, the downer side of the technology giving rise to the risk of overcrowding the frequency range. Mobile service providers will have to develop network infrastructure on par with the 5th generation technology to overcome the hassles of spectrum availability.
4G FORTH GENERATION
The most recent generation of technology introduced in the market 4G is an advanced wireless technology system that provides mobile ultra broadband internet access, to laptops with USB wireless modems, Smartphone’s, and other mobile devices. Mobile web access, IP technology gaming services, high definition mobile TV, video conferencing, 3D Television and cloud computing are some of the best possibilities using 4G technologies. 4G claims to be five times faster than the existing 3G services and it is said that it can provide download speeds of up to 100Mbps.
3G THIRD GENERATION
Introduction of 3G services marked a wonderful revolution with Video conferencing, internet browsing speeds reaching speeds of 2 Mbps. A 3rd generation of mobile technology also referred to as Tri-Band 3G.(3G, WCDMA in UMTS, CDMA 2000 & TD-SCDMA). The use of Wide Band Wireless Network encompasses many features with enhanced quality, fulfilling the International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) specifications set by the International Telecommunication Union.
Wireless voice telephony, mobile Internet access, fixed wireless Internet video calls and mobile TV. are certain of the features that makes 3G distinct and a decent technology for mobile service providers.3G provides Mobile broadband access of several Mbit/s to smart phones and mobile modems in laptop computers.3G services are independent of the technology platform and the network design standards are similar worldwide.
2G SECOND GENERATION (DIGITAL)
The second-generation (2G) technologies were introduced in the mid off 1980s, providing services on the GSM standard for voice and other basic data services, using digital modulation for improved voice clarity and quality. The major benefits of 2G networks were that conversations were digitally encrypted with data services for mobile, starting with SMS text messages, paging, faxes etc being introduced.
2G technologies are broadly classified into Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)-based and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)-based standards. 2.5G was introduced in the late 1990’s which uses the GPRS standard.
1G FIRST GENERATION ( ANALOG)
1G means first GENERATION and the technology relates to voice transmission from one place to the other. This generation correlates to the period 1970-80.
The first generation (1G) of mobile wireless communication was based on the analog transmission systems. With the introduction of cellular systems in 1979 there were rapid strides in mobile communication, in the sense of mobility and connectivity. Advents in the field of Semiconductor and microprocessor technology had enabled more advanced mobile systems and Japan became the first cellular system operator in the world by the year 1979.
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